Menene High-entropy alloys?

Bayanan asali

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) su ne allunan da aka samar ta hanyar hadawa daidai ko ingantacciyar kaso na (yawanci) abubuwa biyar ko fiye. Kafin haɗewar waɗannan abubuwa, al'amuran ƙarfe na yau da kullun sun ƙunshi manyan sassa ɗaya ko biyu tare da ƙananan adadin wasu abubuwa.

Alal misali, ana iya ƙara ƙarin abubuwa zuwa ƙarfe don inganta halayensa, ta haka ne za a samar da gawa mai tushe na ƙarfe, amma yawanci a cikin ƙananan ƙananan rabbai, kamar adadin carbon, manganese, da sauransu a cikin nau'o'in karafa daban-daban. Saboda haka, manyan-entropy gami sune sabon nau'in kayan.

Kalmar "high-entropy alloys" an ƙirƙira shi ne saboda haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar entropy yana da girma sosai lokacin da akwai adadin abubuwa masu yawa a cikin mahaɗin, kuma adadinsu ya kusan daidaita.

Aaikace-aikace Prospect

Hasashen aikace-aikacen manyan allunan entropy yana da faɗi sosai, wanda galibi saboda ƙayyadaddun kaddarorinsu na zahiri da sinadarai. Ga wasu aikace-aikace a takamaiman wurare:

1.Aerospace: Saboda girman ƙarfin su, babban ƙarfin hali, juriya mai girma da kwanciyar hankali mai zafi, high-entropy alloys suna da kyau a cikin kera injunan roka, abubuwan tauraron dan adam da kayan aikin jirgin sama waɗanda ke buƙatar yin aiki a cikin yanayin zafi da sauran matsananci. yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da allunan-entropy masu girma a cikin mahimman abubuwan abubuwan hawan hypersonic da kuma a cikin filayen kamar injin turbine.

2.Automotive masana'antu: Tasiri da juriya da lalata juriya na high entropy gami sanya su mafi inganci Ideal for mota engine, watsa, chassis da kuma jiki sassa Figured. Waɗannan fasalulluka suna ba da gudummawa ga dorewa da amincin motar.

3.Electronics masana'antu: Saboda halaye na babban ƙarfin lantarki, haɓakar zafin jiki mai girma da kuma kaddarorin kariya na lantarki, manyan entropy Alloys suna da nau'i-nau'i na aikace-aikace a cikin samar da kayan aikin lantarki, haɗin haɗin gwiwar da kuma hasken rana. Wannan zai taimaka wajen fitar da ingantaccen aiki da ƙarancin haɓakar na'urorin lantarki.

4.Nuclear makamashi da sauran aikace-aikace na soja: Baya ga aikace-aikacen da ke sama, za a iya amfani da allunan entropy masu girma a cikin ƙananan kare tsibirin nukiliya, rufin saman kayan ƙarfe da sauran kayan aikin soja ko makamashin nukiliya. Wannan yana nuna fa'idar amfani da manyan allunan entropy a cikin yanayi daban-daban da buƙatu na musamman.

5.Structural Mechanics da Energy Change da kuma ajiya: Ana sa ran manyan allunan entropy za su taka muhimmiyar rawa a fagen kayan aikin injiniya saboda kyawawan kayan aikin injiniya. A lokaci guda kuma, yuwuwar ƙimar aikace-aikacen sa a cikin jujjuyawar makamashi da adanawa shima ya cancanci kulawa da bincike

Bincike.

6.Medical na'urorin: Ƙaƙƙarwar haɓakawa da lalata juriya na high-entropy alloys suna ba su damar aikace-aikace a fagen na'urorin kiwon lafiya, irin su ƙwararrun hakori, na'urori na orthopedic, da sauran na'urorin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke buƙatar dogon lokaci a cikin jikin mutum. Gabaɗaya, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha da haɓaka buƙatun sabbin kayan aiki, ana iya hasashen cewa ƙarin bincike da ci gaba da haɓakawa kan aikace-aikacen manyan allunan entropy za su fito nan gaba.