"Umwami wibikoresho bishya" - graphene

1.Graphene izwi nka "umwami wibikoresho bishya", kuri ubu iboneka yoroheje, imbaraga zikomeye zumukanishi, amashanyarazi akomeye nubushyuhe bwumuriro wa nanomateriali nshya, mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi, biomedicine, igisirikare cyindege, ibikoresho bya semiconductor, kurengera ibidukikije nizindi nzego zifite ibyerekezo byinshi, uwabivumbuye yatsindiye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel muri fiziki cya 2010.

2.Monolayer graphene ni ibintu bibiri bya karubone bigizwe nigice cya atome ya karubone rimwe na rimwe bipakirwa neza muburyo bwa benzene. Graphene ya kabiri yerekana ibintu bibiri bya karubone bigizwe nibice bibiri bya atome ya karubone rimwe na rimwe bipakiye neza muburyo bwa benzene muburyo butandukanye, kandi graphene nyinshi yerekana ibintu bibiri bya karubone bigizwe na bitatu kugeza ku icumi ibice bya atome ya karubone rimwe na rimwe bipakiye neza muburyo bwa benzene muburyo butandukanye.

3.Isoko ryurwego rwinganda za graphene ni amabuye y'agaciro ya grafite nibikoresho byo gukora; Hagati igera ni firime ya graphene no gukora ifu ya graphene; Ibyingenzi byingenzi bikoreshwa muburyo bushya, gusiga amarangi, ubuzima bunini, kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije, ibikoresho bishya bya shimi, amakuru ya elegitoroniki nizindi nganda esheshatu.