He aha ka High-entropy alloys?

ʻIkepili kumu

ʻO nā ʻāpana entropy kiʻekiʻe (HEAs) he mau ʻāpana i hana ʻia ma ka hui ʻana i nā ʻāpana like a i ʻole ka nui o (maʻamau) ʻelima a ʻoi aku paha. Ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o kēia mau mea, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana metala maʻamau i hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau mea nui me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe.

No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka hao e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kāna mau waiwai, a laila e hana ai i kahi huila hao, akā maʻamau ma nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa, e like me nā ʻāpana o ke kalapona, manganese, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā kila like ʻole. No laila, ʻo nā alloys high-entropy kahi papa hou o nā mea.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "high-entropy alloys" no ka mea ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka piʻi ʻana o ka entropy o ka hui ʻana inā nui ka nui o nā mea i loko o ka hui ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka like o ko lākou like.

Application Prospect

He ākea loa ka manaʻolana noi o nā alloys entropy kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka mea ma muli o kā lākou ʻano kūikawā kūikawā a me nā waiwai kemika. Eia kekahi mau noi ma nā wahi kikoʻī:

1.Aerospace: Ma muli o ko lākou ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe paʻakikī, kiʻekiʻe o ka lole pale a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana wela, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā alloys kiʻekiʻe-entropy i ka hana ʻana i nā mīkini rocket, nā ʻāpana satellite a me nā mea hoʻolālā mokulele e pono ai ke hana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. kaiapuni. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā alloys high-entropy i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā kaʻa hypersonic a ma nā kahua e like me nā aeroengine turbine blades.

2. ʻOihana kaʻa: ʻO ka hopena o ka hopena a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion o nā ʻāpana entropy kiʻekiʻe e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea kūpono loa no ka mīkini kaʻa, hoʻoili, chassis a me nā ʻāpana kino. Hāʻawi kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i ka lōʻihi a me ka palekana o ke kaʻa.

ʻOihana 3.Electronics: Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity a me ka electromagnetic shielding properties kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe entropy alloys i ka nui o nā noi i ka hana ʻana i nā mea uila, nā kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia a me nā cell solar. E kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hana a me ke ʻano miniaturization o nā mea uila.

4.Nuclear ikehu a me nā mea kaua ʻē aʻe: Ma waho aʻe o nā noi i luna, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā alloys entropy kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka pale moku nuklea liʻiliʻi, ka uhi ʻana o nā mea metala a me nā noi e pili ana i ka pūʻali koa a i ʻole ka ikehu nuklea. Hōʻike kēia i ka hoʻohana ākea o nā ʻāpana entropy kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻano kaiapuni kūikawā a me nā koi.

5. Structural Mechanics a me Energy ka hoʻololiʻana a me ka mālamaʻana: Ke manaʻoʻia nei nā'āpana entropy kiʻekiʻe e pāʻani i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ma ke kahua o ka mechanics hoʻolālā ma muli o ko lākou mau mea mechanical maikaʻi loa. I ka manawa like, ʻo kāna waiwai noi kūpono i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka mālama ʻana he mea kūpono hoʻi e nānā a noiʻi

E noiʻi.

6.Nā mea lapaʻau: ʻO ka biocompatibility a me ka corrosion resistance o nā huila entropy kiʻekiʻe e hāʻawi iā lākou i nā noi kūpono ma ke kahua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me nā niho niho, nā mea hoʻolalelale, a me nā mea lapaʻau'ē aʻe e pono ai ka hoʻokomo lōʻihi i loko o ke kino kanaka. Ma keʻano laulā, me ka hoʻomau a me ka holomua o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi no nā mea hou, hiki ke wānana ʻia ʻoi aku ka nui o nā noiʻi a me nā hopena hoʻomohala e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alloys kiʻekiʻe-entropy e puka mai i ka wā e hiki mai ana.