Knowledge of Morpholine Chemistry Is Widespread

Also known as morphin, it is a colorless oily liquid at room temperature. Melting point -4.76℃, boiling point 128.3℃. Density 1.0005g/cm3(20℃). Refractive index 1.4548. Flash point 38℃ (open cup). Miscible with water, acetone, benzene, ether, alcohol, ethylene glycol, linseed oil, turpentine oil, castor oil. It has a hygroscopic and ammonia odor. It can be prepared from diethanolamine by cyclization with sulfuric acid dehydration. In industry, it is mainly prepared from diethylene glycol and ammonia in the presence of hydrogen and catalyst. Mainly used in rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also used in the synthesis of surfactants, textile printing and dyeing AIDS, medicine and pesticides. It is also used as a metal corrosion inhibitor and rust inhibitor. It is also a solvent for dyes, resins, waxes, shellac, casein, etc.

Physical property

Appearance and properties: colorless oily liquid at room temperature, with ammonia taste.

Melting point (℃) : -4.6

Relative density (water =1) : 1.00

Boiling point (℃) : 128.4

Solubility: miscible with water, can be miscible in most organic solvents

Chemical property

Morpholine contains a secondary amine group and has all the typical reaction characteristics of a secondary amine group. React with inorganic acid to form salt, react with organic acid to form salt or amide, can be alkylated reaction, can also react with ethylene oxide, ketone or Willgerodt reaction.

Application field

Mainly used in the production of rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also used in the synthesis of surfactants, textile printing and dyeing AIDS, medicine, pesticides. Morpholine is also used as a catalyst for maletadiene polymerization, corrosion inhibitor, optical bleaching agent, and solvent for dyes, resins, waxes, early adhesives, casein, etc. Morpholine salts are also widely used, and morpholine hydrochloride is the intermediate of organic synthesis. Morpholine fatty acid salt can be used as a film agent for the skin of fruit or melon fruit vegetables, which can properly inhibit the respiration of the base, prevent the volatilization of water and the atrophy of the skin. Due to the unique chemical properties of morpholine, it has become one of the most important commercial fine petrochemical products. Can be used to prepare NOBS, DTOS, MDS and other rubber vulcanization accelerator, anti-rust agent, anti-corrosion agent, cleaning agent, desiccant, painkiller, local anesthetic, sedative, respiratory system and vascular stimulant, surface activator, optical bleach, fruit preservative, textile printing and dyeing aid, etc. It has a wide range of applications in rubber, medicine, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries. In medicine, it is used in the production of many important drugs, such as morpholguin, vialin, ibuprofen, cough must, naproxen, dichloroaniline, sodium phenylacetate and so on.

Precautions for use

1. Overview of risks

Health hazards: Inhalation of the product vapor or fog strongly stimulate the respiratory mucosa, can cause bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary edema. In high concentrations, it can cause death. Vapors, fogs, or liquids are strongly irritating to the eyes and can cause blindness in severe cases. Burns may occur on skin contact. Swallowing the liquid can burn the digestive tract, and swallowing large amounts can be fatal.

Environmental hazard: It is harmful to the environment and can cause pollution to water, soil and atmosphere.

Explosion hazard: The product is flammable and has strong irritation.

2. First aid measures

Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.

Eye contact: Immediately lift eyelids and rinse thoroughly with plenty of running water or saline for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.

Inhalation: Quickly remove from the scene to fresh air. Keep your airway clear. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention.

Ingestion: Gargle with water, drink milk or egg white. Seek medical attention.

3. Fire protection measures

Dangerous characteristics: flammable, in case of open fire, high heat or contact with oxidants, there is a risk of burning and explosion. Decomposition by heat releases toxic nitrogen oxide fumes.

Harmful combustion products: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides.

Extinguishing Method: Move the container from the fire to an open area as much as possible. Spray water to keep the fire container cool until the fire is over.

Fire extinguishing agent: anti-soluble foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand.

4. Leakage emergency treatment

Emergency treatment: quickly evacuate the contaminated area to the safety zone, and isolation, strictly restrict access. Cut off the fire. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and wear protective clothing. Do not contact spills directly. Cut off the source of leakage as much as possible. Prevent flowing into sewers, flood drains and other restricted Spaces.

Small amount of leakage: adsorption or absorption with sand or other non-combustible materials. It can also be washed with a lot of water and diluted into the waste water system.

Large leakage: build a embankment or dig a pit to contain it. Cover with foam to reduce steam hazards. Spray water cools and dilutes steam, protects site personnel, and dilutes spills into noncombustible substances. Transfer to a tank truck or special collector with an explosion-proof pump for recycling or transport to a waste disposal site.

5. Operational disposal and storage

Operation precautions: closed operation, local exhaust. Operators must be trained and strictly follow the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear a self-priming filter gas mask (full cover), wear anti-gas penetration work clothes, and wear rubber oil-resistant gloves. Keep away from fire and heat. No smoking in the workplace. Use explosion-proof ventilation systems and equipment. Prevents steam from leaking into the workplace air. Avoid contact with oxidants and acids. Charge to control the flow rate to prevent static accumulation. When handling, light loading and unloading should be done to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Equipped with the corresponding variety and quantity of fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. Empty containers may have harmful residues.

Storage precautions: Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat. The temperature of the reservoir should not exceed 30℃. Keep the container sealed. It should be stored separately from oxidizers and acids, and should not be mixed. Do not store in large quantities or for a long time. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities are adopted. Do not use mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to spark. The storage area should be equipped with leak emergency treatment equipment and suitable containment materials.