Kodi ma aloyi a High-entropy ndi chiyani?

Zambiri Zoyambira

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) ndi aloyi omwe amapangidwa mwa kusakaniza zofanana kapena zazikulu za (nthawi zambiri) zisanu kapena zambiri. Asanaphatikizepo zinthu izi, ma aloyi achitsulo amakhala ndi gawo limodzi kapena ziwiri zazikulu zokhala ndi zinthu zina zazing'ono.

Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zina zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku chitsulo kuti ziwongolere katundu wake, potero kupanga aloyi yochokera kuchitsulo, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa kwambiri, monga kuchuluka kwa carbon, manganese, ndi zina muzitsulo zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ma alloys apamwamba kwambiri ndi gulu lazinthu zatsopano.

Mawu oti "aloyi amtundu wapamwamba" adapangidwa chifukwa kuchuluka kwa kusakanikirana kwa entropy kumakhala kokulirapo pakakhala kuchuluka kwazinthu pakusakanikirana, ndipo magawo ake amakhala pafupifupi ofanana.

Application Prospect

The chiyembekezo ntchito aloyi mkulu entropy ndi yotakata kwambiri, amene makamaka chifukwa chapadera Enieni thupi ndi mankhwala katundu. Nawa mapulogalamu ena m'malo ena:

1.Azamlengalenga: Chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zazikulu, kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kuvala kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha, ma alloys apamwamba kwambiri ndi abwino kwambiri popanga injini za rocket, zigawo za satellite ndi zigawo za ndege zomwe zimafunika kugwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri ndi zina zowopsya. chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ma alloys apamwamba kwambiri amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazigawo zazikulu zamagalimoto a hypersonic komanso m'minda monga masamba a turbine aeroengine.

2.Automotive industry: kutsutsa kwamphamvu ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa ma alloys apamwamba a entropy amawapanga kukhala othandiza kwambiri Abwino kwa injini yamagalimoto, kufalitsa, chassis ndi zigawo za thupi Kuwerengedwa. Zinthu izi zimathandiza kuti kulimba ndi chitetezo cha galimoto.

3. Makampani opanga zamagetsi: Chifukwa cha makhalidwe a magetsi apamwamba, kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso chitetezo champhamvu cha electromagnetic, ma alloys apamwamba a entropy ali ndi ntchito zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipangizo zamagetsi, maulendo ophatikizika ndi maselo a dzuwa. Izi zithandizira kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi machitidwe a miniaturization a zida zamagetsi.

4.Nyuclear mphamvu ndi ntchito zina zankhondo: Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zili pamwambazi, ma alloy apamwamba a entropy angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pachitetezo chaching'ono cha zilumba za nyukiliya, zokutira pamwamba pazigawo zachitsulo ndi ntchito zina zankhondo kapena zanyukiliya zokhudzana ndi mphamvu. Izi zikuwonetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa ma aloyi apamwamba a entropy m'malo osiyanasiyana apadera komanso zofunikira.

5.Structural Mechanics and Energy convert and storage: High entropy alloys akuyembekezeka kugwira ntchito yofunikira pamakina omangika chifukwa cha makina awo abwino kwambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengo wake wogwiritsira ntchito pakusintha mphamvu ndi kusungirako ndizofunikanso kuziganizira komanso kufufuza

Fufuzani.

6.Zipangizo zachipatala: Kugwirizana kwa biocompatibility ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa ma alloys apamwamba a entropy kumawapatsa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zida zamankhwala, monga zida za mano, zida za mafupa, ndi zida zina zamankhwala zomwe zimafunikira kuyika kwa nthawi yayitali m'thupi la munthu. Kawirikawiri, ndi chitukuko chopitirira ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi luso lamakono komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa zipangizo zatsopano, tinganene kuti kafukufuku ndi chitukuko chowonjezereka pakugwiritsa ntchito ma alloys apamwamba a entropy adzatuluka m'tsogolomu.