Chii chinonzi High-entropy alloys?

Basic Information

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) ma alloys anoumbwa nekusanganisa zvakaenzana kana kuti zvakati kurei zvikamu zve (kazhinji) zvishanu kana kupfuura. Pamberi pekugadzirwa kwezvinhu izvi, masimbi alloys akajairwa aisanganisira chinhu chimwe chete kana zviviri zvakakura zvine huwandu hudiki hwezvimwe zvinhu.

Semuenzaniso, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzerwa kune iron kuti ivandudze zvimiro zvayo, nekudaro kugadzira iron-based alloy, asi kazhinji muzvikamu zvakaderera, sehuwandu hwekabhoni, manganese, uye zvimwe musimbi dzakasiyana. Nekudaro, yakakwira-entropy alloys ingano kirasi yezvinhu.

Izwi rekuti "high-entropy alloys" rakagadzirwa nekuti kuwedzera entropy yekusanganisa kwakakwira zvakanyanya kana paine huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu mumusanganiswa, uye zvikamu zvadzo zvakada kuenzana.

Application Prospect

Iyo tarisiro yekushandiswa kweiyo yakakwira entropy alloys yakakura kwazvo, iyo inonyanya kukonzerwa neiyo yakasarudzika Yakasarudzika yemuviri nemakemikari zvimiro. Heano mamwe maapplication munzvimbo dzakananga:

1.Aerospace: Nekuda kwesimba rayo rakakwirira, kuoma kwepamusoro, kusapfeka kwepamusoro uye kugadzikana kwekushisa kwepamusoro, alloys epamusoro-entropy alloys akanakisa mukugadzirwa kweinjini dzeroketi, zvikamu zvesatellite uye zvimiro zvendege zvinoda kushanda mukupisa kwakanyanya uye zvimwe zvakanyanyisa. nharaunda. Uye zvakare, yakakwira-entropy alloys inogona zvakare kushandiswa muzvikamu zvakakosha zve hypersonic mota uye muminda senge aeroengine turbine blades.

2.Indasitiri yemotokari: Iko kupikisa kupikisa uye kusagadzikana kwehutu hwepamusoro entropy alloys inoita kuti ive inonyanya kushanda Yakanaka kune injini yemotokari, kutumira, chassis uye zvikamu zvemuviri Figured. Aya maficha anobatsira pakusimba uye kuchengeteka kwemotokari.

3.Indasitiri yemagetsi: Pamusana pemaitiro ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi epamusoro, high thermal conductivity uye high electromagnetic shielding properties, high entropy alloys ine zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi, masangano akabatanidzwa uye masero ezuva. Izvi zvichabatsira kutyaira kuvandudza kwekuita uye miniaturization maitiro emagetsi emagetsi.

4.Nuclear simba uye mamwe mashandisirwo echiuto: Pamusoro pezvikumbiro zviri pamusoro apa, yakakwirira entropy alloys inogonawo kushandiswa mudiki nyukireya chitsuwa chekudzivirira, pamusoro pekuisa pamusoro pezvikamu zvesimbi uye zvimwe zvemauto kana nyukireya zvine chekuita nemagetsi. Izvi zvinoratidza kushandiswa kwakakura kwepamusoro entropy alloys munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzakakosha uye zvinodiwa.

5.Structural Mechanics uye Energy kutendeuka uye kuchengetedza: Yakakwira entropy alloys inotarisirwa kuita basa rakakosha mumunda wemaitiro mechanics nekuda kweakanakisa ma mechanical properties. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukosha kwayo kwekushandisa mukushandurwa kwesimba uye kuchengetedza kwakakodzerawo kutariswa nekutsvaga

Ongorora.

6.Medical devices: The biocompatibility uye corrosion resistance ye-high-entropy alloys inovapa zvigadziro zvinogona kuitika mumunda wemishonga yezvokurapa, zvakadai semazino emazino, mishonga yemapfupa, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvezvokurapa zvinoda kuiswa kwenguva refu mumuviri womunhu. Kazhinji, nekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira uye kufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji uye kuwedzera kuri kudiwa kwezvinhu zvitsva, zvinogona kufanotaurwa kuti kumwe kutsvagisa nekusimudzira mhedzisiro pakushandiswa kweakakwira-entropy alloys ichabuda mune ramangwana.