"Ukumkani wezinto ezintsha" - igraphene

I-1.Graphene yaziwa ngokuba "yinkosi yezinto ezintsha", okwangoku ifunyenwe i-thinnest, amandla amakhulu omatshini, i-conductivity enamandla kakhulu yombane kunye ne-thermal ye-nanomaterials entsha, kwi-electronics yabathengi, i-biomedicine, i-aerospace yezempi, izixhobo ze-semiconductor, ukukhuselwa kwendalo. kunye neminye imimandla inethemba elibanzi, umfumani wayo uphumelele iBhaso likaNobel kwifiziksi lika-2010.

I-2.I-graphene ye-Monolayer yi-two-dimensional carbon material eyenziwe ngumaleko we-athomu ye-carbon ngamaxesha epakishwe ngokuqinileyo kwisakhiwo seringi ye-benzene. Igraphene enamaleko amabini ibhekisa kwizinto ezine-dimensional carbon equlunqwe ngezaleko ezimbini ze-athom zekhabhoni ngamaxesha athile zipakishwe ngokuqinileyo kwisakhiwo seringi yebenzene ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha, kunye negraphene yamanqanaba amaninzi ibhekisa kwizinto ezine-dimensional carbon imathiriyeli eyenziwe ngantathu ukuya kwelishumi. iileya zeathom zekhabhoni ngamaxesha athile zipakishwe ngokuqinileyo kwisakhiwo seringi yebenzene ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha.

3.Umntla wekhonkco loshishino lwegraphene yimithombo yezimbiwa zegraphite kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa; Umbindi wokufikela yifilimu yegraphene kunye nokuveliswa komgubo wegraphene; Izicelo eziphambili ezisezantsi kumandla amatsha, ipeyinti, impilo enkulu, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, izinto ezintsha zekhemikhali, ulwazi lwe-elektroniki kunye namanye amashishini amathandathu.