Yintoni i-High-entropy alloys?

Ulwazi olusisiseko

I-High-entropy alloys (HEAs) zialloyi ezenziwe ngokuxuba umlinganiselo olinganayo okanye omkhulu kakhulu we (ngokuqhelekileyo) ezintlanu okanye ngaphezulu. Ngaphambi kokudityaniswa kwezi zinto, iialloyi zetsimbi eziqhelekileyo zinento enye okanye ezimbini ezinkulu ezinexabiso elincinci lezinye izinto.

Umzekelo, izinto ezongezelelweyo zingongezwa kwintsimbi ukuphucula iipropathi zayo, ngaloo ndlela idala ialloyi esekwe kwintsimbi, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngokwemilinganiselo ephantsi, enjengomlinganiselo wekhabhoni, imanganese, kunye nezinye kwiintsimbi ezahlukeneyo. Ke, iialloys eziphezulu ze-entropy luhlobo olunoveli lwezixhobo.

Igama elithi "i-alloys eziphezulu ze-entropy" layilwa ngenxa yokuba ukwanda kwe-entropy yokuxuba kuphezulu kakhulu xa kukho inani elikhulu lezinto kumxube, kwaye umlinganiselo wabo uphantse ulingane.

Application Prospect

Ithemba lesicelo se-alloys ephezulu ye-entropy ibanzi kakhulu, nto leyo ibangelwa ubukhulu becala kwiipropati zabo ezizodwa eziKhethekileyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. Nazi ezinye izicelo kwiindawo ezithile:

I-1.I-Aerospace: Ngenxa yamandla abo aphezulu, ubunzima obuphezulu, ukumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kobushushu obuphezulu, ii-alloys eziphezulu ze-entropy zigqwesileyo ekwenziweni kweenjini ze-rocket, izixhobo zesathelayithi kunye nezixhobo zesakhiwo senqwelomoya ekufuneka zisebenze kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nezinye ezigqithisileyo. iindawo ezingqongileyo. Ukongeza, ii-alloys eziphezulu ze-entropy nazo zingasetyenziswa kumacandelo aphambili ezithuthi ze-hypersonic nakwiindawo ezinje nge-aeroengine turbine blades.

I-2.Ishishini le-Automotive: Ukuxhatshazwa kwempembelelo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion ye-alloys ephezulu ye-entropy yenza ukuba ibe yeyona nto isebenzayo Ifanelekileyo kwi-injini yemoto, ukuhanjiswa, i-chassis kunye namacandelo omzimba. Ezi mpawu zinegalelo ekomeleleni nasekukhuselekeni kwemoto.

I-3.Imboni ye-Electronics: Ngenxa yeempawu ze-conductivity ephezulu yombane, i-thermal conductivity ephezulu kunye neendawo eziphezulu zokukhusela i-electromagnetic, i-alloys ephezulu ye-entropy inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ekwenziweni kwezinto zombane, iisekethe ezidibeneyo kunye neeseli zelanga. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqhubela phambili ukuphuculwa komsebenzi kunye nentsingiselo encinci yezixhobo zombane.

4. Amandla eNyukliya kunye nezinye izicelo zomkhosi: Ukongeza kwezi zicelo zingentla, iialloyi eziphezulu ze-entropy zingasetyenziswa kukhuseleko lwesiqithi esincinci senyukliya, ukugquma komphezulu wamalungu esinyithi kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinxulumene namandla omkhosi okanye enyukliya. Oku kubonisa ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwee-alloys eziphezulu ze-entropy kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezikhethekileyo kunye neemfuno.

I-5.I-Structural Mechanics kunye nokuguqulwa kwaMandla kunye nokugcinwa: I-alloys ephezulu ye-entropy kulindeleke ukuba idlale indima ebalulekileyo kwintsimi yobuchwephesha bezakhiwo ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezibalaseleyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ixabiso layo elinokuthi lisetyenziswe ekuguquleni amandla kunye nokugcinwa kwayo kufanelekile ukuqwalaselwa kunye nophando

Phanda.

I-6.Izixhobo zonyango: I-biocompatibility kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion ye-alloys ephezulu ye-entropy ibanika izicelo ezinokubakho kwintsimi yezixhobo zonyango, ezifana nokufakelwa kwamazinyo, izixhobo ze-orthopedic, kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango ezifuna ukufakelwa kwexesha elide emzimbeni womntu. Ngokubanzi, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nenkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye neteknoloji kunye nokunyuka kwemfuno yezinto ezintsha, kunokuqikelelwa ukuba uphando oluninzi kunye neziphumo zophuhliso ekusetyenzisweni kwee-alloys eziphezulu ze-entropy ziya kuvela kwixesha elizayo.