"Inkosi yezinto ezintsha" - graphene

I-1.I-Graphene yaziwa ngokuthi "inkosi yezinto ezintsha", okwamanje itholakala i-thinnest, amandla amakhulu kakhulu emishini, i-conductivity enamandla kagesi ne-thermal ye-nanomaterials entsha, ku-electronics yabathengi, i-biomedicine, i-aerospace yezempi, imishini ye-semiconductor, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo. kanye neminye imikhakha inamathemba abanzi, umtholi wayo wawina uMklomelo KaNobel ku-physics ka-2010.

2.I-graphene ye-Monolayer iyi-carbon material enezinhlangothi ezimbili ehlanganiswe ungqimba lwama-athomu ekhabhoni evamise ukupakishwa ngokuqinile kusakhiwo seringi ye-benzene. I-graphene enezingqimba ezimbili isho i-carbon-dimensional carbon material eyakhiwe izingqimba ezimbili zama-athomu ekhabhoni ngezikhathi ezithile ezipakishwa ngokuqinile esakhiweni sendandatho ye-benzene ngezindlela ezihlukene zokunqwabelanisa, futhi i-graphene enezingqimba eziningi ibhekisela ezintweni zekhabhoni ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili ezakhiwe ezintathu kuya kweziyishumi. izingqimba zama-athomu ekhabhoni ngezikhathi ezithile zipakishwa ngokuqinile esakhiweni seringi ye-benzene ngezindlela ezihlukene zokunqwabelanisa.

3.Umfula ophakeme wochungechunge lwemboni ye-graphene yimithombo yamaminerali e-graphite kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza; Izingxenye ezimaphakathi ziyifilimu ye-graphene kanye nokukhiqizwa kwempuphu ye-graphene; Izicelo eziyinhloko ezansi nomfula kumandla amasha, upende, impilo enkulu, ukongiwa kwamandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, izinto ezintsha zamakhemikhali, ulwazi lwe-elekthronikhi nezinye izimboni eziyisithupha.