01020304
Iyo Big Frontier yemamorekuru madiki - RNA yakanangana
2024-03-07 15:49:45
Zvagara zvichifungwa kuti kushandisa makemikari kuronda RNA kwakanga kusina maturo nekuda kwekushanduka kwayo. Kana masayendisiti akabudirira, kazhinji zvinoitika netsaona.
Mumakore gumi apfuura, semuenzaniso, Merck akawana mushonga wekuedza antibiotic mukugadzirwa unovhara rudzi rwebhakitiriya RNA. Pfizer akagumburwa kuti mushonga wayo unogona kukanganisa kududzirwa kweprotein inodzora cholesterol.
Iye zvino, makambani ezvinodhaka anoda kuita izvozvo chaizvo. Nerubatsiro rwemaitiro ari nani ekutevedzanisa, nzira dzekuongorora, uye kunzwisisa kwakakura kweRNA, vaongorori vanogona kutora nyore kutaridzika kwemamorekuru eruzivo uye kugadzira mishonga inonamatira kwavari. Kana vakabudirira, vanogona kubatsira kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvechirwere izvo mamorekuru madiki haakwanise kusvika parizvino, achipa nzira nyowani dzekurapa neurodegenerative zvirwere, cancer uye mamwe mamiriro.
01 Ndeapi mamorekuru madiki anonangana neRNA?
Ndivo musimboti weindasitiri yemishonga uye vanogadzira yakawanda yemishonga pamusika. Asi hukuru hwemamorekuru madiki hushoma. Pamajini anoda kusvika 20 000 anozivikanwa, anenge zviuru zvitatu anonzi anogona kudyiwa, zvichireva kuti anogona kunangwa nemishonga. Pamapuroteni avanogadzira, mazana mashoma chete ndiwo anonangwa nemishonga iripo. Mamwe mapuroteni mazhinji haana "homwe" umo mamorekuru madiki anogona kunyura, zvichiita kuti zviome kusvika.
Kutarisa mamorekuru eRNA anobatsira kugadzira mapuroteni ane hukama nechirwere anogona kupa vagadziri vezvinodhaka imwe nzira. Mupfungwa, mushonga unogona kuvharidzira kugadzirwa kweprotein inogona kukuvadza kana kugadzira mamwe mapuroteni anobatsira.
Imwe nzira yakafanana, inoshandiswa neIonis Pharmaceuticals nemamwe makambani, inoshandisa mitsetse ye nucleic acid inonzi antisense oligonucleotides kudzora kana kudzima kugadzirwa kwemapuroteni. Makambani ese ari maviri ane tsvakurudzo yepamusoro yeRNA, kunyanya yakanangana nemishonga yekurapa zvisingawanzo genetic zvirwere sespinal muscular atrophy uye thyroid transamyloidosis, pamwe chete nemamiriro akajairika akadai seyakakwira cholesterol. Migumisiro yemushonga inogona kugara kwemwedzi yakawanda panguva.
Nepo kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwave kuchiitwa mukuunza marapirwo aya eRNA mumuviri, achiri kungogumira kune zvinangwa zvechirwere muchiropa, zvichireva kuti kuchine chirwere chakawanda chisingarapike.
03 Mamorekuru madiki akananga kuRNA ndiyo nhanho inotevera.
Wekutanga kuita izvi aive Evrysdi, mushonga wakagadzirwa pamwe chete neRoche nePTC Therapeutics uye wakabvumidzwa muna 2020 kubatsira kugadzira protein iri kushomeka muvarwere vane spinal muscular atrophy. Mushonga wekuedza chirwere cheHuntington kubva kuNovartis unonzi branaplam uri mumiyedzo yevanhu, asi nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzichangobva kuitika dzinogona kukanganisa kufambira mberi kwayo.
Parizvino, hapana kutanga kugadzira madiki eRNA-anonongedza mamorekuru atora mushonga kumiedzo yekiriniki. Asi mapaipi emamwe makambani ari kutanga kuita chimiro. Skyhawk inoratidzika kunge iri manheru ekupinda mumiedzo yekiriniki, uye kambani yakambotaura kuti inoronga kutanga kufambisa mushonga wayo wekutanga mumiedzo yevanhu pane imwe nguva gore rino.